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Copper(II) Oxide Formula and PropertiesIntroductionCopper(II) oxide, also known as cupric oxide or tenorite, is a compound consisting of one copper atom and one oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is CuO, indicating that it contains one copper atom and one oxygen atom per molecule. It is a black solid at room temperature and is commonly used as a pigment in ceramics and as a catalyst in chemical reactions.Chemical PropertiesCopper(II) oxide is an inorganic compound that is insoluble in water but soluble in acids. It has a melting point of 1,326 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 2,000 degrees Celsius. The compound is a basic oxide, meaning it reacts with acids to form salts and water. It also reacts with hydrogen to form water and copper metal. The chemical equation for this reaction is: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O Copper(II) oxide is also a semiconductor, meaning it has electrical conductivity between that of a metal and an insulator. It is used in the manufacture of solar cells and other electronic devices.Physical PropertiesCopper(II) oxide is a black solid with a Mohs hardness of 3.5 to 4.0. It has a cubic crystal structure and a density of 6.31 g/cm3. The compound is stable at high temperatures and is not affected by air or water.ApplicationsCopper(II) oxide has a variety of applications in different fields. In the field of ceramics, it is used as a pigment to impart black or blue colors to glazes, enamels, and glass. It is also used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions such as the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides. In the field of electronics, copper(II) oxide is used as a semiconductor in the manufacture of solar cells, rectifiers, and transistors. It is also used as a dielectric material in integrated circuits. Copper(II) oxide is also used in the production of copper metal. When copper(II) oxide is heated with carbon, copper metal and carbon dioxide are produced. The chemical equation for this reaction is: CuO + C → Cu + CO2Safety InformationCopper(II) oxide is generally considered safe for handling and use. However, it can be harmful if ingested or inhaled in large amounts. It can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Therefore, it is important to wear appropriate personal protective equipment when handling this compound.ConclusionCopper(II) oxide is a black solid consisting of one copper atom and one oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is CuO, and it has a variety of applications in different fields such as ceramics, electronics, and the production of copper metal. The compound is a basic oxide, a semiconductor, and is generally considered safe for handling and use. |
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